Vocational education policy white paper vol. 1 nomor 4 tahun 2019 : menyongsong bonus demografi penduduk dengan peningkatan kualitas sumber daya lulusan SMK

Indonesia is predicted to experience population demographic bonuses from 2030 to 2040. In order for
Indonesia to reap the maximum benefits from the demographic bonus, the availability of abundant human resources
in productive age must be balanced with improving quality in terms of education and skills, including its relation to
facing market openness work. This policy review used national employment survey data from 2011 to 2017 published
by BPS. This study aimed to describe and evaluate the phenomenon of unemployment in Indonesia at the age of 18 to
25 years, especially for graduates of Vocational School (SMK). This study also analysed the relationship between
education level and age group toward the unemployment rate in Indonesia. It was found that the number of work force
in Indonesia was increasing every year where this increase was followed by a decrease in the number of unemployed
people. The highest TPAK for the ages of 18 to 25 years was experienced by the graduates of DI / DII / DIII while the
highest TPT was by SMK graduates in which the highest TPT was at the age of 18 and 19 years. In addition, based on
the result of chi-square test, the relationship between the level of education and the age group toward the
unemployment rate was statistically significant, but the relationship formed was negative and not very strong.